Galvanic battery.



GALVANIC BATTERY. IAPPLIUATION FILED nov. 23. 1899.

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@www e N0. 757,355. l Patented April 12, 194.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES B. sCHOENIvIEIInOE WATEEBUEY, CONNECTICUT, AssIGNOE To THE wATEEEUEY BATTERY COMPANY, OE WATEEEUEY, CONNECTICUT, A JOINT sTOCK COMPANY.

eALvANlc:v BATTERY.

SPECIFICATION `foaming pare of Letters Patent No. 757,355, dared April 12, 1904.

Application filed November `22, 1899. Serial No. 737,884. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom, t may concern: shown upon the accompanying sheet of draw- Be itknown thatLCHARLEs BSOHOENMEHL, ings, forming a part of this specification, and 50 a citizen ofthe United States, and a resident upon which similar characters of reference Of'Waterbury, in the county of New Haven denotelike or corresponding parts throughout 5 and State of Connecticut, have invented certhe several figures, and of whichtain new and useful Improvements in Galvanic AFigure l shows a plan view of my im proved Batteries, of which the following is a specifibattery with its nuts and cover removed. Fig. 55

cation. 2 is a side View of said battery complete, and This invention relates to closed-circuit gal- Fig. 3 is a central vertical cross-sectional view I vanic batterieswherein oxid of copper, zinc, of the same.

and an exciting Huid may constitute the essen- Referring in detail to the characters of reftial elements. erence marked upon the drawings, l repre- 60 Batteries of the above class gradually be-A sents the usual form of glass jar, which is come inactive in their lower strata by gravitaprovided with a metallic cover 2.

I5 tion of the consumed Zinc. Consequently the 3 represents a binding-screw for the poley solution acts upon the elements stronger adof the zinc element 4, which pole is insulated jacent to the top surface. The result is that from the cover by means of rubber washers 65 where the oxid of copper is retained in a re- 5 in the usual manner. The Zinc referred to ceptacle of uniform diameter the said copper comprises a cylindrical-shaped body bent up 2O oxid will not only be consumed iirst at the of one piece having a straight transverse portop, butthe solution frequently becomes so tion 6,-to the center of which the binding- Weak at the bottom that it will not consume post is secured. 70 the entire bulk of copper oxid, thus lessening The Zinc element referred to is preferably the ampere-hour output of the cell. Consevlocated within a porous cup 7, which is dequently thel battery has to be recharged and signed to afford a resistance of current besaid unused copper oxid is wasted.A tween the two elements of my battery and It is accordingly `the essential feature of whereby the rapid destruction of life or en' 75 this invention to provide a battery with an ergy of the battery is prevented. v oxid-receptacle whose thickness or breadth is As before stated, the negative element 8 of greatest adjacentto its top, thus insuring a my battery7 is preferably oxid of copper. This,

more uniform and thorough consumption of as is well known, changes color during the acthe ingredient contained therein. The above tion of the hydrogen thereon. Said transforis accomplished `by arranging at least one of mation or coloration is iirst apparent on the the walls of the receptacle Y at an angle other surface of the Vcopper scale and gradually 35 than a right angle to a vertical line passing worksdown through the body thereof, thus through the said receptacle. consuming the entire quantity. In view of A further object of my invention resides in this visible change of the copper I locate the the production of visible means whereby the same adjacent to the exterior of the surface condition of batteries may be detected by a of the jar and provide an annular angular per- 40 mere glance, said object being accomplished forated wall 9 within the jar in a manner to by locating the depolarizing agent in a special retain the copper between said wall and jar in manner adjacent to the exterior of the glass an annular depolarizing-receptacle. This wall jar, as will later be more fully explained. is arranged at a slight angle to a central line Finally, I provide in connection with the through the cell, as shown in the drawings, so

45 above an improved form of zinc. as to form the compartment for the copper With the above objects in view my inventhinner at the bottom than at the top, protion resides and consists in the novel oonstrucducing a tapering depolarizer-charnber, better tion, combination, and arrangement `of parts to insure the more uniform and thorough consumption of the copper scale contained therein. A connection for the second circuit-wire is provided by attaching a binding-post 10 to the wall 9 before mentioned, said post being insulated from the cover by suitable insulatingwashers l1, as shown.

From the above it will be apparent that as the surface of the body of the copper is attacked and changes color the same is readily perceivable and that it will also be understood that as this transformation takes place Vdown through the body of said copper it will likewise be apparent that the life of the battery is proportionately consumed and its future days of usefulness may accordingly be recorded.

In the drawings I have shown the copper resting upon the bottom of the jar; but it will be obvious that the depth of the perforated partition, as well as the copper-chamber, can be shortened up and supported from the cover, if desired.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a battery, the combination with the other parts, of an annular perforated depolarizer-receptacle, broadest through its top edge.

2. In a battery, the combination with the other parts, of an annular receptacle for holding a depolarizer having a perforated side wall set at an-angle other than a right angle to a vertical line passing through said receptacle, and a zinc adjacent to said perforated wall.

3. In a battery, the combination with the other parts, of an annular receptacle for holding adepolarizer having an interior perforated tapering side wall, an exterior cylindrical vertical side Wall and a zinc intermediate of said receptacle. l 4

4. In a battery,the combination of the other parts, a receptacle for holding a depolarizer comprising an interior annular independently removable perforated side wall inclined at an angle other than a right angle to a vertical line passing through the receptacle, and a solid exterior wall.

5. In a battery, the combination with the other parts, of an annular depolarizer-holder with a perforated side wall, at least one of its walls being set at an angle other than a right angle to a vertical line through the holder.

6. In a battery, the combination with the other parts, of a receptacle for holding a depolarizer having an annular interior perforated side wall set at an angle other than a right angle to a vertical line passing through the said receptacle and an exterior cylindrical vertical Wall.

7 The combination in a battery, of a jar, an oxid-of-copper element in said jar, a compartment for said element adjacent to the vertical wall of said jar and having a perforated inner wall, a cylindrical element bent up of a single sheet-metal piece, and having a central transverse end containing a binding post thereon, an exciting iuid to operate in conjunction with said copper and zinc, substantially as shown and described, and means interposed between the two elements to form an electrical resistance. j

8. In a galvanic battery of the class described, the combination with a glass jar, of a perforated sheet metal cylinder arranged therein resting upon the bottom and forming an annular compartment adjacent to the jar, an oxid-of-copper element in said compartment, a cylindrical zinc element arranged centrally of said oxid'and comprising a single piece of sheet-Zinc rolled up with itsinner end extending diametrically across the axial line of said cylindrical body, a post centrally arranged upon said transverse portion, and an electrical resistance disposed between said copper and zinc elements to preserve the energy of the battery.

9. In a galvanic battery of the class described, the combination with a suitable negative element, of a positive pole comprising a cylindrical body formed only of a single piece of sheet metal bent around with its inner end freely deflected diametrically across the axial line of said zinc body, a binding-screw centrally located on said deflected portion, substantially as shown and described.

10. In a battery, the combination with the other parts, of a receptacle for holding a depolarizer having an interior annular perforated side wall set at an angle other than a right angle to a vertical line passing therethrough and forming a central opening in the receptacle.

11. In a battery, the combination with the other parts, of a receptacle for holding a depolarizer, one wall of which is in the form of a hollow perforated cone extending under some part of the depolarizer-holding space, all substantially as set forth.

12. In a battery, the combination with the other parts, of a receptacle for holding a depolarizer, having a perforated wall circular in cross-section which extends under some part of the depolarizer-holding space and set at an angle other than a right angle to a vertical line passing through the said receptacle.

Signed at Bridgeport, Fairfield county, Connecticut, this 18th day of November, A. D. l

CHARLES B. SCHOENMEHL. Witnesses:

C. M. NEWMAN, EDWARD K. NICHOLSON.

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